Monday, January 16, 2012

Mile High

Please note: James' blog has moved to a Wordpress site. To access it, please visit http://jameswiebe.wordpress.com/. All posts have been transferred to the new site, and all new posts will only be accessible via Wordpress. Thank you for your interest!


This morning, I'd had no hope for flying today.  I called the airport weather line, and it reported that the wind was gusting to 26mph.  In a crosswind, making takeoffs and landings insanely impossible.

Come along with me, I have a story to tell.

I had wanted to fly this plane today:

Yellow Ultralight Aircraft from Belite

So, I went about my work in the shop, and felt badly that I couldn't fly due to the crosswinds.

Afternoon crept around, and another phone call to Jabara weather showed a much more favorable wind:  crosswinds had reduced to 15mph.  Improvement, for sure, but still well above my limit of 7mph crosswind.

Another hour later, and the winds were down to to 8mph.  With the ability of our huge grass runway to angle into the wind, either on takeoff or landing, I was now safe to fly.

====

The gas tank was not full, but I didn't care.  I wasn't planning to fly for more than a few minutes.  I wanted to check out some engine mounts that I'd been experimenting with -- which type would produce the smoothest engine, in conjunction with the new, amazing propeller we'd been trying out?

Last week, I'd tried the new propeller/engine combination for the first time.  On another aircraft, it had produced some fairly eye opening takeoff and climb performance, as documented in this video:  (Click on the picture, and go for a ride!)

Belite Ultralight Aircraft takeoff video
(Click on the CAPTION, and the video will load and play....)

Today, I was trying the same propeller/engine combination on the yellow aircraft, along with some slightly different engine mounts.

====

I'm off the ground easily and quickly, and the altimeter has passed 3000 feet in the climb.   (Ground level is 1400, so I'm plus +1600 over the ground...)  I'm kind of amazed that I'm not cold.  I have just my winter leather coat on, a hat, and some good gloves.  Normally, for winter flying, I wear coveralls.  But not today.

====

And now the altimeter has reached 4000 feet above sea level.  The views are beginning to be a bit surreal:  Jabara airport is now a long ways below me to the west; I can see Hawker Beech field to the south, and Benton (Stearman Airport) is just 4 miles to the west.

====

Still climbing; the altimeter passes through 5000 feet.  I no longer am doing anything other than having a good time.  For some reason, the idea of climbing is just a lot of fun.

====

The views are very, very good.  I am able to take off my gloves, and retrieve my phone from my pocket, and take some pictures:

Hawker Beech field to the south (left of center in this photo)

Jabara airport to my right

Looking towards the southeast

I keep considering the feel of the engine.  It sounds strong.  I make a note of the squawks to be corrected before customer delivery of the airplane, later this week:

  a)  the control stick is a little right of center in straight flight -- adjust rod end bearing setting to fix
  b)  (maddening)  the EGT/CHT is inop -- must fix!!!
  c)  midrange roughness in engine -- adjust belt tension to ensure no slippage and adjust carburetor mixture
  d)  the floorboard is made from beautiful stained wood (hey, we've always done it that way) but I've decided to change this airplane (and all future airplanes) to aluminum, for safety sake.  The muffler is below the engine and ahead of the floorboard, so putting in a floorboard firewall seems like a good safety idea.  We have some 2024 clad aluminum for this application.
  e)  the brake cable on the left side is skewed.  It needs fixing.
  f)  the radio still does not have the antenna installed, and needs to be tested thereafter.

I think I'm forgetting one squawk, but I wrote them all down and gave them to Gene after the flight.  

====

While the ground winds were 6 knots when I took off, I can tell that the winds aloft at my altitude are very fierce, yet very smooth.  I am pointed into the wind, yet I am hovering in place over my home field.  My ground speed slows to literally 10 knots.  (With a slight bit of work, I could have moved backwards.)  (And this is really no big deal.  I've done this kind of thing before in other aircraft.  I remember hovering over a wheat field many years ago, in a Cessna Cardinal.)

====

The altimeter has reached 5,200 feet ASL.  Just about one mile above sea level.  While I'm nowhere near the maximum ceiling of the aircraft, I'm running out of time, gasoline, and warmth.

I've been higher in a Belite before, but this flight was a little better documented.

Do you remember my old blog post,  What Altitude Did James Reach...?  I certainly flew higher that day.

Panel of Belite Ultralight Airplane at 5200 ASL!

Time to go down.

One more picture of me ---

James in Belite Ultralight Aircraft, really really high off the ground...
Really time to go down.

I push the nose over, and the airspeed indicator shows 70 mph.  (Redline is 80mph.)  I put in a couple of notches of flaps, and it helps reduce the fairly significant elevator forces, as the plane does not want to go down.  Of course, I work in some power reductions.

====

And I land.  Back on the ground.  Gene comments on how I'd been a hovering spec in the sky.

====

I've been recording the flight on GPS Essentials, on my DroidX phone:


The proof is in the flight profile.  Climb to 5200 feet; ground speeds below 10mph (and nearly 100mph); turning into the wind and with the wind.  Climbing at a steady rate of about 180fpm. 

(looks like someone made a move in Words with Friends)

====

Thanks for sharing this flight with me.

James Wiebe, @jamespwiebe on twitter, please follow me
James is the EAA 2011 August Raspet recipient


Saturday, January 14, 2012

World Class Takeoff and Climb

Please note: James' blog has moved to a Wordpress site. To access it, please visit http://jameswiebe.wordpress.com/. All posts have been transferred to the new site, and all new posts will only be accessible via Wordpress. Thank you for your interest!


Our Belite ultralight aircraft is now demonstrating world class takeoff and climb performance.

This is our new aluminum airplane design.  The propeller / engine combination has been tweaked for optimum performance and smoothness.

We've got some great new video which proves it ---

You can see the video here.

(Thanks to friend Jim Loewen for providing the video.)

Make sure you are following James on twitter:  @jamespwiebe

-- James Wiebe, EAA 2011 August Raspet recipient

Monday, January 9, 2012

Gorgeous Skies; First Flight; Video

Please note: James' blog has moved to a Wordpress site. To access it, please visit http://jameswiebe.wordpress.com/. All posts have been transferred to the new site, and all new posts will only be accessible via Wordpress. Thank you for your interest!


Hey Everyone,

Please remember to follow me on Twitter.  @jamespwiebe  I'll be twittering from Sun N Fun and Oshkosh later this year.

-----

It was a gorgeous afternoon in Wichita, KS -- temperatures in the low 50's, calm winds, blue skies.

I was scheduled for a first flight in a new airplane.  I've done this a fair number of times, and it is always a process which is cautiously approached and ultimately thrilling.

This particular plane is equipped with a 45HP MZ-201 engine.  I ended up flying it with a couple different propellers (none of which was quite right) and I look forward to flying the plane the correct prop later this week.

But this flight was still pretty cool.  I attached a high definition portable camera to the wing, and took video of the flights.  You can see one of the videos here on Belite's YouTube channel.

Gene captured some great pics of the maiden flights -- and a couple of them are just spectacular.

The new owner is in California.  We look forward to shipping this plane in a few days.

You might enjoy reading the following details:

1)  The windshield still has the plastic film in place.  We pulled it away only on the left side of windshield, and held it in place with tape.  I couldn't see out the entire windshield.

2)  The fuselage frame is a welded version of our new aluminum framework.  The entire frame is constructed from aluminum.  The wings utilize carbon fiber spars (which you can't see in the picture.)

3)  The paint is just UV resistant primer from Stewart Systems.  We expect the customer to finish covering and painting the airplane, but it's up to him.

4)  The engine is a 45HP MZ-201 from Compact Radial Engines.

5)  First flight was just smooth and easy.

6)  You can see the camera (from GoPro) mounted under one of the wings. 

7)  This aircraft has the big 5x5 tires.  Note the white tire labels are still on.

Ultralight Aircraft from Belite, aluminum frame

Ultralight Airplane from Belite, aluminum frame

Ultralight Aircraft touching down

Ultralight Airplane from Belite pulls in

-- James Wiebe, EAA 2011 August Raspet recipient


Thursday, December 29, 2011

Top 12 Things you can see in test flight video of ultralight aircraft

Please note: James' blog has moved to a Wordpress site. To access it, please visit http://jameswiebe.wordpress.com/. All posts have been transferred to the new site, and all new posts will only be accessible via Wordpress. Thank you for your interest!


Here is what you'll see, in this YouTube video of Belite's ultralight airplane:

10.  I turn to the camera and smile a lot.

9.  I do mild wingovers.

8.  I do steep turns around a point.

7.  I enjoy the beautiful weather on December 29, 2011.

6.  I get to prove that flying is more fun than working.

5.  I make the owner of this airplane wonder why I haven't delivered it already.

4.  I do a really sweet full stall 3 point landing.  If you look very, very carefully, you can see the steel landing gear springs barely compress, but just for a moment.

3.  You can see what a poor video editor I am.  Actually, I didn't do any editing ... just loaded the video to YouTube.

2.  At the end, you can see Mike, Gene, and my nephew, Matt.

1.  You can see the plane climb from ground level to 800' AGL in a little over two miles of ground distance.

0.  You can see me dive the plane to over 80 mph (IAS)

-1.  You can see why I enjoy doing this.





Sunday, December 25, 2011

Streamlined Struts produce zippy performance!

Please note: James' blog has moved to a Wordpress site. To access it, please visit http://jameswiebe.wordpress.com/. All posts have been transferred to the new site, and all new posts will only be accessible via Wordpress. Thank you for your interest!


Merry Christmas!!

One quick post on one of our development items, along with a new Belite video on YouTube --

I'll skip the analysis and just talk about the results --

After installing streamlined lift strut fairings on an airplane, I believe that we reduced drag at cruise speed by about 18 pounds.   This increases cruising speed, with our smallest engine, by about 5 mph.  That is very significant when we are talking about cruising speeds in the 50's with just a 28HP engine.

I borrowed Eric's plane for the installation and test of the new lift struts.  The proof is in pictures and video.  It's just a couple of minutes long, please watch this video!

Remember, I weighed 210+ pounds and the performance was just awesome.  The plane was also configured with our new improved flaperons.

We've also upgraded to a new HD camera for our inflight videos.  Just got it a couple of weks ago.  I learned a lot about how to mount cameras on aircraft when I was working at Mythbusters on the Duct Tape Plane myth., and you'll see much more airborne ultralight HD video in 2012.

James Wiebe, EAA 2011 August Raspet award winner

Wednesday, December 21, 2011

More on "Hoerner Wingtips" in ultralight aircraft

Please note: James' blog has moved to a Wordpress site. To access it, please visit http://jameswiebe.wordpress.com/. All posts have been transferred to the new site, and all new posts will only be accessible via Wordpress. Thank you for your interest!


My previous post cited the work of Dr. Hoerner in the development of wingtips which produce smaller vortices, which consequently produces less drag, which consequently allows more speed (for a given thrust), and consequently a better rate of climb....

Clearly the Hoerner wingtips are a desirable thing.  While there are other ways to produce effective vortice reduction (for instance, vertical winglets or even flat plates), the Hoerner wingtip is more easily fabricated, and frankly, in my opinion, just looks darn sexy.

Soooo, it's worthwhile to spend a couple of minutes reviewing Dr. Hoerner's research, so we can guess what positive results these wingtips will give us.

Below is a basic illustration of a wingtip vortice, which I have copied from Dr. Hoerner's most excellent book, "Fluid Dynamic Drag".

Vortice at wingtip, from Fluid Dynamic Drag, by Hoerner
This illustration shows how high pressure air is spilling from the underside of the wing out of the wingtip, causing the vortice.  (The villain isn't the vortice, it is the fact that a vortice is created by the loss of high energy air from the bottom of the wing.  The evidence and creation of a vortice only proves the problem.)

Dr. Hoerner reviewed several different kinds of wingtip configurations, including square wings with sharp edges (which is exactly what our Belite ultralight airplane has), along with round rectangular edges, sharp rounded wings, sharp full wings, and more.  He also reviewed vortices and drag  reduction around wingtip fuel tanks (which are not in our current Belite innovation plans.)   With each kind of wingtip shape, he calculated and presented the effective span of the wing -- in other words, a longer wing is a better thing -- and if you get that length 'for free' (by using better wingtips), that is a really good thing.

The very worst wingtip is a rounded wingtip, with a round cross section.  The very best wingtips are ones which have a sharp cross section.

And interestingly, the square wingtip with a square edge is nearly as good as the very best wingtip, but not quite.  It is worthwhile to quote Dr. Hoerner on this topic:

"Theory predicts minimum induced drag for elliptical lift distribution across the span....   however, directly in one case... that a rectangular wing (with sharp lateral edges) does not have a higher drag due to lift than the elliptical wing."

Wow.  Score one for Belite, and the game of innovative improvement hasn't even started!

Back to Dr. Hoerner's writing:

"It is seen that the most effective plan forms are the rectangular, the moderately tapered ones and those which have a long trailing edge....   In other words, to make the span of the rolled-up vortex system, or the effective span of a wing of given basic shape, as wide as possible, it is favorable to keep the tip vortices apart from each other as far downstream as possible."

Now if I look back at his charts, I do see that sharp wingtips have an advantage over the square wingtip with square edges, and all of those have huge advantages over rounded  wingtips.

So the Hoerner wingtip is taking it to the next level.

Let's find some more interesting remarks from my new best friend, Dr. Hoerner.  He makes some comments about the most ideal wingtip shape, which I (and others) now call "Hoerner wingtips":

"In case of [Hoerner wingtips], which is the most favorable one concerning small drag due to lift as well as to minimum sectional drag, it appears that one additional effect is the bent-up shape.  Experimental data.... on a small-aspect-ratio wing, confirm that this feature is important.  Combination of [Hoerner wingtips] with a moderately tapered plan form is believed to be the most effective..."

So things get a bit 'guess-work-eee' from here.  But we think that we know the following:

 * sharp wingtips reduce the size of the vortice -- which is what the Hoerner wingtip is all about
 * the addition of the Hoerner wingtip spreads the trailing edge, adding span, and further separating the vortice
 * sharp wingtips have less drag at higher angles of attack, which is where ultralights spend more time at than higher speed airplanes

Hey, wait a minute.  I better provide some documentation for a couple of those points.  Here's another illustration from the book which helps:

Improvement shown with Hoerner wingtips -- with square wingtips not far behind!
The illustration shows, on the top right hand side of the curve, the slightly higher coefficient of lift achieved with the Hoerner wingtips.  Square (Belite) wings are close behind, with round wings falling off considerably.

Here's a final helpful illustration, showing the cross section of vortices with sharp vs round wingtips:

Decreased vortice size with Hoerner wingtips (a) vs round (b) or wingtip tanks (c)







Finally, some conclusions...



Q.  So what is all of this worth to a Belite ultralight aircraft?

A.  We believe the aerodynamic effective span will increase by a little over 2 feet.  However, we are cheating a bit, because the Hoerner wingtips will add about 20 inches of real span all by themselves.  The increase in effective wing area is 7+ square feet!  (with an original wing area of about 108 square feet).

Q.  What performance increases will result?

A.  Hopefully I'll see an improvement in climb rate, a reduction in stall speed, a reduction in takeoff roll, a reduction in landing roll (I'd like to beat my personal measured 100.5' landing record -- which I know I'll be able to do [because I've already done it in another Belite, before I even started talking about Hoerner wingtips   :-)  ])  and more...

Q.  What weight penalty do the wingtips entail?

A.  Substantially less than a 8 ounces per wing, vs. our existing square design.   Really!


Q.  What if they don't work quite that well?

A.  Then I'll get to figure out why, and I'll have the coolest looking ultralight airplane on the planet.

My thanks to Dr. Hoerner, and his wonderful book.  I believe my quotes and illustrations taken from his book fall under fair use doctrine.

I am also indebted to Mike, who is building this wonderful test airplane with Hoerner wingtips for me.

If you want an overview of what else I'm working on (and willing to talk about) you can read it here:

Upcoming 2012 Product Innovations at Belite Aircraft

-- James Wiebe, 2011 EAA August Raspet award recipient









Monday, December 19, 2011

Upcoming 2012 Product Innovations at Belite

Please note: James' blog has moved to a Wordpress site. To access it, please visit http://jameswiebe.wordpress.com/. All posts have been transferred to the new site, and all new posts will only be accessible via Wordpress. Thank you for your interest!


"Upcoming 2012 Product Innovations at Belite"

 an overview of what's coming...
 this post focuses on "Hoerner Wingtips"

One of the absolute joys of my pseudo-job is that I get to investigate, implement and test aerodynamic improvements to my Belite ultalight airplanes.  As a result, I have come up with a goal of decreasing drag on our aircraft so that our very smallest engine option will allow cruising flight at 62mph.  (And the larger engines will require throttle limitations in order to stay within Part 103 -- or registration as experimental aircraft.)

When all is implemented, this will provide important improvements to takeoff and landing performance, along with substantial improvements to climb rate, reduced stall speeds.

Because our aircraft is so similar to a conventional high wing aircraft, I have identified several opportunities for drag reduction which are already available on many 'commercial' certified aircraft.  These opportunities include:

a)  lift strut drag reduction via fairings  --  all airplanes should have this
b)  wingtip drag reduction via reduction of wingtip vortices
c)  increased Lift / Drag in wing airfoil via subtle improvements
d)  reduced drag due to improved cowling design
e)  And maybe there will be more.

(none of these future options have been made available, or even priced yet)

I've already implemented and test flown a Belite with lift strut fairings, and I will provide a full report soon.  Hint at the outcome:  It was awesome.

I'm also working on a changed cowling design -- it will take a few more months and I'll have that one ready for report.

I've been reading through a variety of aerospace engineering reports on wing airfoils.  I find that my engineering and math background are an excellent helper for me as I've learned more and more about airfoils.

As for wingtip vortices, lots of people already know that Dr. Hoerner tested many different types of wingtips, in order to select and document those which increased effective span and reduced drag by reducing or eliminating those nasty wingtip vortices.  I happen to have gotten my hands on a copy of a couple of his books (they were loaned to me by a friend at my Church) and they have been delicious reading for my ultralight aircraft aerodynamic engineering education.

So, here's some photos of a set of wings in construction progress, showing Hoerner wingtips being fabricated.  These will end up on a plane which is being built to exhibit at Sun N Fun in 2012.  No opportunity for improvement is being overlooked in this airplane.  The wings in question are carbon fiber spars, with aluminum ribs, and the Hoerner wingtips.  You may also notice that they are also being prepared for VFR night flight via the addition of wingtip lights.  (The airplane is being built with a heavy 4 stroke engine, and will be registered experimental, thus allowing night flight.  It will be also be flyable as a legal FAR Part 103 airplane, albeit with a different engine.).  (This particular set of wings is being built by builder Mike.  Mike is awesome.)

So here are the pictures:

Belite Ultralight Aircraft wing, under construction with Hoerner wingtip

Detail of Hoerner wingtip, showing nav light fairing

Front view of Hoerner wingtip, with much smooth work still to do


Quartering view of Hoerner wingtip


View of Hoerner wingtip, prior to adding foam to front cell


Trailing edge quartering view of Hoerner wingtip


View of Hoerner wingtip from outside rear



Friday, December 9, 2011

Belite's Turn Coordinator: "More sensitive and more stable..."

Please note: James' blog has moved to a Wordpress site. To access it, please visit http://jameswiebe.wordpress.com/. All posts have been transferred to the new site, and all new posts will only be accessible via Wordpress. Thank you for your interest!


From one of our customers, we received this unsolicited testimonial concerning our Turn Coordinator and VSI:

Kathy,
Attached are two snapshots of my instrument panel "upgrade". The close-up shows the turn coordinator and the VSI (with an aux power port for my AdventurePilot 700/Skyradar kneeboard.)

I'm most impressed with the turn coordinator. It's both more sensitive and more stable than the analog instruments.

I've also tried using just the turn coordinator, VSI and the existing airspeed indicator as a "needle-ball-air speed" substitute, and it works very well.

I've also used the combination to fly the traditional two minute turn and I'm quite impressed.

Regards,
Ted Jula, KTAN
N701TJ (Zenair CH-701, Rotax 912ULS)

Here's the photos he included of his installation:

Belite's Turn Coordinator and VSI used in experimental aircraft

Belite's Turn Coordinator and VSI used in experimental aircraft

Thanks, Ted, for your positive comments!  The Turn Coordinator is our best selling instrument, and you've helped explain why.

Our Turn Coordinator is priced at $200 SRP.  Compare our product's performance and price to any old fashioned electric unit!

You can buy it from our webstore, or from Aircraft Spruce, or from Wicks.

 -- James